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ABSTRACT:
We design and analyze optimal additive and multiplicative multilevel methods for solving $H^1$ problems on graded grids obtained by bisection. We deal with economical local smoothers: after a global smoothing in the finest mesh, local smoothing for each added node during the refinement needs to be performed only for three vertices - the new vertex and its two parent vertices. We show that our methods lead to optimal complexity for any dimensions and polynomial degree. The theory hinges on a new decomposition of bisection grids in any dimension, which is of independent interest and yields a corresponding decomposition of spaces. We use the latter to bridge the gap between graded and quasi-uniform grids, for which the multilevel theory is well-established.