Mixed finite element methods for elasticity

Speaker: 

Professor Douglas Arnold

Institution: 

University of Minnesota

Time: 

Wednesday, June 4, 2008 - 4:00pm

Location: 

MSTB 254

The most natural formulation for the equations of elasticity is as a first order system, reflecting the very different nature of the equilibrium equation and the constitutive equation. Moreover this system applies more widely than second order formulations, for example to incompressible, plastic, or viscoelastic materials. The first-order system is captured variationally in the Hellinger-Reissner variational principle, which characterizes the symmetric stress tensor field and the displacement vector field as a saddle-point of a suitable functional. However it has proven extremely difficult to develop stable and effective finite element discretizations of this formulation--so called mixed finite elements for elasticity. Efforts to develop such methods go back to the earliest days of the finite element methods. However, stable mixed elasticity elements using polynomial shape functions have only been developed recently using the theory of finite element exterior calculus (FEEC). This talk will review the subject and especially recent progress connected to FEEC, which has led to very simple stable elements in two and three dimensions.

Stable discretizations of partial differential equations and their geometrical foundations

Speaker: 

Professor Douglas Arnold

Institution: 

University of Minnesota

Time: 

Tuesday, June 3, 2008 - 11:00am

Location: 

NS2 Room 1201

Partial differential equations (PDE) are among the most useful mathematical modeling tools, and numerical discretization of PDE--approximating them by problems which can be solved on computers--is one of the most important and widely used approaches to simulating the physical world. A vastly developed technology is built on such discretizations. Nonetheless, fundamental challenges remain in the design and understanding of effective methods of discretization for certain important classes of PDE problems.

The accuracy of a simulation depends on the consistency and stability of the discretization method used. While consistency is usually elementary to establish, stability of numerical methods can be subtle, and for some key PDE problems the development of stable methods is extremely challenging. After illustrating the situation through simple (but surprising) examples, we will describe a powerful new approach--the finite element exterior calculus--to the design and understanding of discretizations for a variety of elliptic PDE problems. This approach achieves stability by developing discretizations which are compatible with the geometrical and topological structures, such as de Rham cohomology and Hodge decompositions, which underlie well-posedness of the PDE problem being solved.

The Fractional Analytic Index

Speaker: 

Institute Professor Isadore Singer

Institution: 

M.I.T.

Time: 

Friday, January 18, 2008 - 4:00pm

Location: 

MSTB 254

The index theorem for an elliptic operator gives an integrality theorem; a characteristic integral over the manifold is an integer because it is the index of the operator. I will review some geometric examples: the Dirac operator on a spin manifold, the spin_C Dirac operator, and their analogues for complex manifolds.

When the manifold has no spin_C structure, these operators do not exist. Nevertheless one can define a 'projective' Dirac operator which has an analytic index with values in the rationals. This fractional analytic index can also be expressed as a characteristic integral. I'll describe a possible application to string theory. [Joint work with V. Mathai and R.B. Melrose, J. Diff Geom 74 no 2 (2006) math.DG/0206002]

The Interface of Mathematics and Physics 1967-2007

Speaker: 

Institute Professor Isadore Singer

Institution: 

M.I.T.

Time: 

Thursday, January 17, 2008 - 3:30pm

Location: 

RH 101

I'll begin with the Battelle Rencontre "Lectures in Mathematics and Physics" (Seattle, 1967) and end with S-duality as reflected in Mirror Symmetry and in the Electric-Magnetic Duality connection with the Geometric Langlands Program. In between will be a guided tour of special moments in the interaction of mathematicians and high energy theorists: gauge theory and fibre bundles, instantons and index theory, string theory and Calabi-Yau manifolds.

Stability and Constant Scalar Curvature Metrics in Kahler Geometry: analytic methods

Speaker: 

Professor Duong Phong

Institution: 

Columbia

Time: 

Wednesday, February 20, 2008 - 3:00pm

Location: 

MSTB 254

We discuss some recent developments in the problem of Khler metrics of constant scalar curvature and stability in geometric invariant theory. In particular, we discuss various notions of stability, both finite and infinite-dimensional, and various analytic methods for the problem. These include estimates for energy functionals, density of states and Tian-Yau-Zelditch and Lu asymptotic expansions, geometric heat flows, and both a priori estimates and pluripotential theory for the complex Monge-Ampre equation.

Stability and Constant Scalar Curvature Metrics in Kahler Geometry: a survey

Speaker: 

Professor Duong Phong

Institution: 

Columbia

Time: 

Tuesday, February 19, 2008 - 4:00pm

Location: 

MSTB 254

We discuss some recent developments in the problem of Khler metrics of constant scalar curvature and stability in geometric invariant theory. In particular, we discuss various notions of stability, both finite and infinite-dimensional, and various analytic methods for the problem. These include estimates for energy functionals, density of states and Tian-Yau-Zelditch and Lu asymptotic expansions, geometric heat flows, and both a priori estimates and pluripotential theory for the complex Monge-Ampre equation.

Imaging in Random Media

Speaker: 

Robert Grimmett Professor George Papanicolaou

Institution: 

Stanford University

Time: 

Thursday, November 15, 2007 - 11:00am

Location: 

MSTB 254

Broadband, coherent array imaging can be made quite robust in random media by using interferometric
algorithms that tend to minimize the effect of random inhomogeneities. I will introduce and describe these algorithms in detail, and I will
show the results of several numerical simulations that assess their effectiveness.

Array Imaging

Speaker: 

Robert Grimmett Professor George Papanicolaou

Institution: 

Stanford University

Time: 

Tuesday, November 13, 2007 - 11:00am

Location: 

NatSci II, Room 1201

I will introduce the emerging interdisciplinary field of array imaging with several examples such as sonar, seismic imaging, radar, ultrasonic non-destructive testing, etc. I will explain how resolution issues can be addressed in a unified
mathematical way, along with some new ideas about optimizing the image formation process. I will also show the results of several numerical experiments.

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